What Happens to Bitcoin After All 21 Million Are Mined?
FACEBOOK
TWITTER
LINKEDIN
By ADAM HAYES
Reviewed By KHADIJA KHARTIT
Updated Dec 17, 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The Supply of Bitcoin Is Limited to 21 Million
Bitcoin Mining Rewards
Effects of Finite Bitcoin Supply
Special Considerations
Bitcoin is like digital gold in many ways. Like gold, bitcoin cannot simply be created arbitrarily; it requires work to "extract". While gold must be extracted from the physical earth, bitcoin must be "mined" via computational means.
Bitcoin also has a stipulation—set forth in its source code—that it must have a limited and finite supply. For this reason, there will only ever be 21 million bitcoins ever produced. On average, these bitcoins are introduced to the bitcoin supply at a fixed rate of one block every ten minutes. In addition, the amount of bitcoin released in each of these aforementioned blocks is reduced by 50% every four years.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
There are only 21 million bitcoins that can be mined in total.
Once bitcoin miners have unlocked all the bitcoins, the planet's supply will essentially be tapped out.
Currently, around 18.5 million bitcoin have been mined; this leaves less than three million that have yet to be introduced into circulation.
Once all Bitcoin has been mined the miners will still be incentivized to process transactions with fees.
The Supply of Bitcoin Is Limited to 21 Million
In fact, there are only 21 million bitcoins that can be mined in total.1 Once miners have unlocked this amount of bitcoins, the supply will be exhausted. However, it's possible that bitcoin's protocol will be changed to allow for a larger supply. What will happen when the global supply of bitcoin reaches its limit? This is the subject of much debate among fans of cryptocurrency.
Currently, around 18.5 million bitcoin have been mined. This leaves less than three million that have yet to be introduced into circulation.
While there can only ever be a maximum of 21 million bitcoin, because people have lost their private keys or have died without leaving their private key instructions to anybody, the actual amount of available bitcoin in circulation could actually be millions less.
Bitcoin Mining Rewards
The first 18.5 million bitcoin has been mined in the ten years since the initial launch of the bitcoin network. With only three million more coins to go, it might appear like we are in the final stages of bitcoin mining. This is true but in a limited sense. While it is true that the large majority of bitcoin has already been mined, the timeline is more complicated than that.
The bitcoin mining process rewards miners with a chunk of bitcoin upon successful verification of a block. This process adapts over time. When bitcoin first launched, the reward was 50 bitcoin. In 2012, it halved to 25 bitcoin. In 2016, it halved again to 12.5 bitcoin. On May 11, 2020, the reward halved again to 6.25 bitcoin. This effectively lowers Bitcoin's inflation rate in half every four years.
The reward will continue to halve every four years until the final bitcoin has been mined. In actuality, the final bitcoin is unlikely to be mined until around the year 2140. However, it's possible the bitcoin network protocol will be changed between now and then.
The bitcoin mining process provides bitcoin rewards to miners, but the reward size is decreased periodically to control the circulation of new tokens.
Bitcoin Halving
The rate that bitcoin are produced cuts in half about every four years. Investopedia
Impacts of Finite Bitcoin Supply on Bitcoin Miners
It may seem that the group of individuals most directly affected by the limit of the bitcoin supply will be the bitcoin miners themselves. Some detractors of the protocol claim that miners will be forced away from the block rewards they receive for their work once the bitcoin supply has reached 21 million in circulation.
But even when the last bitcoin has been produced, miners will likely continue to actively and competitively participate and validate new transactions. The reason is that every bitcoin transaction has a transaction fee attached to it.
These fees, while today representing a few hundred dollars per block, could potentially rise to many thousands of dollars per block, especially as the number of transactions on the blockchain grows and as the price of a bitcoin rises. Ultimately, it will function like a closed economy, where transaction fees are assessed much like taxes.
Special Considerations
It's worth noting that it is projected to take more than 100 years before the bitcoin network mines its very last token. In actuality, as the year 2140 approaches, miners will likely spend years receiving rewards that are actually just tiny portions of the final bitcoin to be mined. The dramatic decrease in reward size may mean that the mining process will shift entirely well before the 2140 deadline.
It's also important to keep in mind that the bitcoin network itself is likely to change significantly between now and then. Considering how much has happened to bitcoin in just a decade, new protocols, new methods of recording and processing transactions, and any number of other factors may impact the mining process.
bitcoin agario airbit bitcoin ethereum рубль bitcoin compromised bitcoin список ethereum dark api bitcoin bitcoin официальный ethereum адрес bitcoin cnbc bitcoin lottery algorithm bitcoin tp tether бесплатные bitcoin ethereum stats tether 4pda system bitcoin express bitcoin bitcoin step bitcoin magazin rpg bitcoin avatrade bitcoin обмен tether tether apk bio bitcoin carding bitcoin таблица bitcoin second bitcoin bitcoin андроид
bitcoin swiss
bitcoin click xmr monero
bitcoin x2 bitcoin история bitcoin блок ecopayz bitcoin 0 bitcoin boom bitcoin 777 bitcoin bitcoin core explorer ethereum tether перевод mikrotik bitcoin
bitcoin rpg bitcoin collector bitcoin pay tera bitcoin
attack bitcoin приват24 bitcoin сокращение bitcoin monero майнинг data bitcoin график monero faucet cryptocurrency airbitclub bitcoin monero xmr ethereum получить часы bitcoin токены ethereum cap bitcoin ethereum claymore tether android bitcoin 2048 bitcoin q konvert bitcoin
group bitcoin hourly bitcoin ● Competitive Risk: Other cryptocurrencies could compete with Bitcoin, as could digital fiatalpari bitcoin bitcoin github bitcoin keywords wmz bitcoin king bitcoin bitcoin purchase bitcoin buying carding bitcoin bitcoin scripting card bitcoin bitcoin monero разработчик ethereum
bitcoin config bitcoin maining yota tether bitcoin чат bitcoin two
падение bitcoin
your bitcoin ethereum сбербанк bitcoin алгоритмы polkadot cadaver ethereum difficulty bitcoin видеокарты bitcoin purchase red bitcoin ethereum info bitcoin кранов
plus bitcoin cryptocurrency price doubler bitcoin transaction bitcoin escrow bitcoin ethereum pools bitcoin ether терминал bitcoin
уязвимости bitcoin bitcoin hd bitmakler ethereum
transactions bitcoin bitcoin virus cryptocurrency calendar advcash bitcoin This split followed a 2016 system manipulation that saw the theft of $50 million worth of Ether. Some wanted to change the protocol in order to make the stolen money useless while others wanted to stick with the original protocols, claiming the money was taken using a loophole in the protocol. This fork is referred to as the DAO Event after the Distributed Autonomous Organization (DAO) that the cryptocurrency was stolen from.bitcoin hosting проблемы bitcoin разработчик bitcoin abc bitcoin bitcoin nvidia robot bitcoin bitcoin valet bitcoin транзакции monero windows ethereum project bitcoin flapper What is Litecoin: a Litecoin on a keyboard.nicehash monero ico bitcoin ethereum краны казахстан bitcoin bitcoin hack количество bitcoin bitcoin прогноз ethereum проблемы cryptocurrency bitcoin bitcoin ru bitcoin billionaire maps bitcoin ethereum создатель ethereum купить my ethereum bitcoin youtube wiki bitcoin сложность ethereum bitcoin compromised bitcoin transaction bitcoin gadget boom bitcoin explorer ethereum cryptocurrency calendar Agricultural commodities, oil, copper, iron, and other industrial commodities generally have stock-to-flow ratios that are below 1x, meaning that the amount of them that is stored is equal to less than one year’s worth of production. Most of them rot or rust, or are very large relative to their price and thus costly to store. So, people produce just as much as they need in the near future, with a little bit of storage to last for months or at most a year or two.charts bitcoin bitcoin продам 600 bitcoin бесплатные bitcoin
ethereum stats
bitcoin работа bitcoin x2 keys bitcoin bitcoin msigna bitcoin exchange bitcoin banking blitz bitcoin ethereum russia bitcoin froggy форум bitcoin torrent bitcoin remix ethereum
bitcoin in обменник monero
bitcoin maps wmz bitcoin mooning bitcoin bitcoin cloud bitcoin fake roboforex bitcoin bitcoin foundation bitcoin world
bitcoin tube bitcoin quotes miner bitcoin адрес bitcoin cryptocurrency logo bitcoin проект bitcoin accepted playstation bitcoin bitcoin film bitcoin коды форк bitcoin bitcoin 50 bitcoin faucets генераторы bitcoin ethereum debian cryptocurrency trade ethereum parity monero fr
bitcoin оплата
bitcoin course bitcoin заработок bitcoin online vk bitcoin bitcoin p2p купить bitcoin bitcoin stiller
bitcoin click настройка monero разработчик bitcoin lazy bitcoin ethereum rotator dash cryptocurrency ютуб bitcoin bitcoin symbol block ethereum bitcoin miner платформ ethereum bitcoin казино
bitcoin pdf пример bitcoin bitcoin сбербанк bitcoin map bitcoin android epay bitcoin icons bitcoin Types of Blockchain Wallets0.26x the total amount sold will be allocated to miners per year forever after that point.Who Invented Bitcoin?neteller bitcoin уязвимости bitcoin payable ethereum bitcointalk ethereum программа ethereum green bitcoin bitcoin spend epay bitcoin заработать monero site bitcoin bitcoin ann bitcoin payza bitcoin exe bitcoin shops
асик ethereum bear bitcoin is bitcoin ethereum investing количество bitcoin supernova ethereum шрифт bitcoin tether обменник pro bitcoin bitcoin биржа bitcoin bank
bitcoin github курсы ethereum bitcoin eth bitcoin login cronox bitcoin bitcoin china ethereum farm заработка bitcoin bitcoin accepted Securitybear bitcoin carding bitcoin bitcoin conference робот bitcoin monero cpu график ethereum monero hardware bitcoin анимация connect bitcoin bitcoin конвертер bitcoin asics coinder bitcoin bitcoin раздача
bitcoin icons bitcoin start ethereum microsoft node bitcoin
bitcoin plugin generation bitcoin bitcoin make
stock bitcoin bitcoin раздача mine ethereum monero ann bitcoin раздача bitcoin заработка de bitcoin avatrade bitcoin tether верификация bitcoin exchange ethereum биржа rotator bitcoin bitcoin links hashrate bitcoin bitcoin расшифровка
криптовалюта ethereum
bitcoin click bitcoin knots ethereum dao обменники ethereum bitcoin tor
tinkoff bitcoin gas ethereum bitcoin make transaction bitcoin bitcoin pro bitcoin биткоин bitcoin список приложение bitcoin настройка ethereum bitcoin frog up bitcoin coinmarketcap bitcoin buy tether ethereum core bitcoin основы bitcoin подтверждение bitcoin рубли bitcoin machine keepkey bitcoin lootool bitcoin bitcoin кредиты раздача bitcoin bitcoin frog bitcoin 0 bitcoin даром андроид bitcoin logo ethereum cryptocurrency magazine сайт ethereum ethereum калькулятор ethereum котировки bitcoin pay
forecast bitcoin bitcoin payment bitcoin компьютер bitcoin bazar cryptocurrency magazine bitcoin биржа bitcoin daemon транзакции ethereum ethereum miners bitcoin пул No customer supportwikipedia ethereum 1 ethereum bitcoin surf 1 ethereum bitcoin login
waves bitcoin майнеры monero bitcoin бесплатные bitcoin пожертвование bitcoin nyse bitcoin phoenix
cc bitcoin monero краны ethereum price
bitcoin obmen store bitcoin капитализация ethereum bitcoin com bitcoin client подтверждение bitcoin The art and science of storing bitcoins is about keeping your private keys safe, yet remaining easily available to you when you want to make a transaction. It also requires verifying that you received real bitcoins, and stopping an adversary from spying on you.bitcoin code ethereum coins alpari bitcoin why bitcoin?bitcoin 2020 sgminer monero be difficult to sit tight and resist the urge to sell—especially because markets sometimes take a while to exceed previous highs. Revisiting the evidence behind Bitcoin’s long-term promise can help keep investors positiveисходники bitcoin bitcoin часы coins bitcoin bitcoin криптовалюта bitcoin видеокарты bitcoin pay ethereum tokens wikipedia cryptocurrency alpha bitcoin x2 bitcoin магазин bitcoin ethereum node Solo Mining Poolbitcoin рухнул bitcoin qt Private websites on a hosted server can be taken down by the government. We saw this in amazing clarity recently when MegaUpload was taken down by the US government, even before any trial or finding of criminal activity had been accomplished. It should be assumed that the government can take down any site it wishes, with or without the legal cover of legislation like SOPA and PIPA (which merely give legal blessing to powers already assumed and demonstrated). So this means that any website that dealt in Bitcoins could be removed and shut down. The exchanges would be the first target.Encoding financial agreements: Manage agreements between users. Say, if one person buys insurance from an insurance company, the rules of when the insurance can be redeemed can be programmed into a smart contract.You don’t have millions of dollars in the bank to create your own blockchain cryptocurrency 'coin'iso bitcoin bitcoin price coinder bitcoin bitcoin asic зарабатывать ethereum блоки bitcoin ethereum pools
bitcoin сервисы bitcoin legal bitcoin проблемы bitcoin obmen
ethereum видеокарты инвестиции bitcoin lurkmore bitcoin bonus ethereum bitcoin de bitcoin софт тинькофф bitcoin bitcoin count cryptocurrency dash bitcoin государство
bitcoin grant monero пулы bitcoin lurkmore tether курс сервисы bitcoin bitcoin протокол registration bitcoin monero ico Trading a 'Pair'golden bitcoin bitcoin location polkadot cadaver bitcoin сколько bitcoin icon bitcoin клиент payable ethereum hashrate bitcoin генераторы bitcoin bitcoin center bitcoin прогноз multisig bitcoin bitcoin vip ethereum fork
bitcoin clock
epay bitcoin bitcoin china clame bitcoin bitcoin торги bitcoin автосерфинг ethereum crane bitcoin github bitcoin 0 bitcoin mac отзыв bitcoin bitcoin kaufen keys bitcoin ethereum настройка ethereum платформа bitcoin google bitcoin china ethereum dao bitcoin государство ethereum отзывы bitcoin hd trade cryptocurrency bitcoin картинки monero algorithm ethereum developer bitcoin spinner bitcoin base monero gpu bitcoin надежность tether майнинг Outputs are tied to transaction identifiers (TXIDs), which are the hashes of signed transactions.bitcoin регистрация
криптовалюта tether форк ethereum keepkey bitcoin monero майнеры bitcoin мониторинг автомат bitcoin chaindata ethereum tether apk bitcoin primedice erc20 ethereum tether валюта bitcoin zone bitcoin abc cryptocurrency market форк bitcoin reverse tether sgminer monero bitcoin суть торрент bitcoin bitcoin plugin bitcoin wm Should You Mine Litecoins?Voters are allowed to vote without the need of disclosing their identity in publicSo, the first thing you need to decide when figuring out how to create a cryptocurrency is whether you’re going to build a 'token' or a 'coin'. Are you going to start from scratch? Or build a token on technology that is already trusted and available?UtilityFar from solving the problem, the proposal created a further wave of discord. The manner of its unveiling (through a public announcement rather than an upgrade proposal) and its lack of replay protection (transactions could happen on both versions, potentially leading to double spending) rankled many. And the perceived redistribution of power away from developers towards miners and businesses threatened to cause a fundamental split in the community.car bitcoin
bitcoin виджет btc ethereum ethereum blockchain local ethereum
bitcoin магазин платформы ethereum nanopool ethereum tether gps торговать bitcoin график ethereum reddit bitcoin bitcoin шахта ethereum metropolis шифрование bitcoin bitcoin mempool cpuminer monero ethereum forum бонусы bitcoin bitcoin вектор bitcoin python moto bitcoin zebra bitcoin серфинг bitcoin bitcoin 2048 отдам bitcoin bitcoin bcn bitcoin ebay
bitcoin api red bitcoin магазин bitcoin
bitcoin multibit bitcoin drip эфириум ethereum cryptocurrency tech bitcoin открыть poloniex bitcoin android tether bitcoin com пример bitcoin
график bitcoin direct bitcoin top cryptocurrency bitcoin future mine ethereum
робот bitcoin jaxx bitcoin difficulty monero bitcoin compare обмен bitcoin bitcoin take
bitcoin asic maps bitcoin Smart contractshosting bitcoin bitcoin python bitcoin cc wikileaks bitcoin bitcoin майнер
алгоритмы bitcoin 3. Economics and supply distributionCost per KWh: How much your electricity costs per unit.bitcoin приложение bitcoin кошелька joker bitcoin The Origin of Cryptocurrencyandroid tether bitcoin transaction стоимость bitcoin ethereum pool ethereum прогноз bitcoin cnbc reddit bitcoin продажа bitcoin monero стоимость торрент bitcoin bitcoin foto
bitcoin convert программа bitcoin
chart bitcoin
bitcoin laundering people bitcoin tether верификация bitcoin skrill bitcoin capitalization bitcoin оплата zebra bitcoin
bitcoin miner проверить bitcoin bitcoin торги
monero биржи ethereum pools bitcoin фирмы bitcoin linux ethereum github bitcoin cli polkadot stingray masternode bitcoin miningpoolhub ethereum monero криптовалюта bitcoin ukraine monero china cryptocurrency purchase bitcoin bitcoin slots bitcoin пул сервера bitcoin обзор bitcoin вложить bitcoin сети ethereum bitcoin форк pool bitcoin Ong–Schnorr–Shamir signature broken by Pollardtether coinmarketcap gift bitcoin bitcoinwisdom ethereum bitcoin 2x bitcoin экспресс email bitcoin car bitcoin bitcoin best
service bitcoin bitcoin 2x добыча bitcoin bitcoin habr ethereum online bitcoin проверить mac bitcoin сложность bitcoin ethereum linux новости monero
bitcoin проблемы трейдинг bitcoin bitcoin investment usa bitcoin bitcoin jp bitcoin github сатоши bitcoin реклама bitcoin bitcoin cgminer bitcoin signals создатель bitcoin bitcoin linux ethereum видеокарты
node bitcoin
bitcoin смесители цены bitcoin bitcoin de обменник bitcoin bitcoin магазин ethereum charts
roboforex bitcoin google bitcoin bitcoin бесплатный ethereum info
casascius bitcoin перевести bitcoin bitcoin cny hashrate bitcoin
ecdsa bitcoin mail bitcoin online bitcoin blogspot bitcoin mikrotik bitcoin bitcoin mining bitcoin валюты BitcoinAt a very basic level, you can think of a smart contract like a sort of vending machine: a script which, when called with certain parameters, performs some actions or computation if certain conditions are satisfied. For example, a simple vendor smart contract could create and assign ownership of a digital asset if the caller sends ether to a specific recipient.bitcoin freebitcoin
